The First African-American Marines To Enlist
"Breaking a tradition of 167 years, the U.S. Marine Corps started enlisting Negroes on June 1, 1942. The first class of 1,200 Negro volunteers began their training 3 months later as members of the 51st Composite Defense Battalion at Montford Point, a section of the 200-square-mile Marine Base, Camp Lejeune, at New River, NC. The first Negro to enlist was Howard P. Perry shown here."
208-NP-10KK-1
Photo by Roger Smith, courtesy of the National Archives
November 10, 1945, on the 170th birthday of the United States Marine Corps, Frederick C. Branch took the oath as a Second Lieutenant in the Marine Corps Reserve. Here he has his second lieutenant's bars pinned on by his wife.
Photo courtesy of The National Archives
"Handling Negro Marine public relations at the Montford Point Camp here are Sgt Lucious A. Wilson (left)..., and his photographer, Cpl Edwin K. Anderson... Sgt Wilson is a former correspondent for the New York Amsterdam News...."
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Photo courtesy of The National Archives
"Marine Cpl. Robert L. Hardin...checks the main distributing frame in Montford Point's headquarters for line difficulties."
N.d. 127-N-8768.
Photo by Sgt L. A. Wilson, courtesy of The National Archives
"... Although a dress uniform is not a part of the regular equipment, most of the Negro Marines spend $54 out of their pay for what is generally considered the snappiest uniform in the armed services... Photo shows a group of the Negro volunteers in their dress uniforms." Ca. May 1943.
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Photo by Roger Smith, courtesy of The National Archives
"First Negro Marines decorated by the famed Second Marine Division somewhere in the Pacific (left to right) SSgt Timerlate Kirven...and Cpl Samuel J. Love, Sr... They received Purple Hearts for wounds received in the Battle of Saipan..."
N.d. 208-NP-10SSSS-1
Photo courtesy of The National Archives
"Pfc. Luther Woodward..., a member of the Fourth Ammunition Company, admires the Bronze Star awarded to him for `his bravery, initiative and battle-cunning.' ..." The award was later upgraded to the Silver Star. April 17, 1945.
127-N-119492.
Photo by Cpl Irving Deutch, courtesy of The National Archives
"Marines, following the rapid Japanese retreat northward on Okinawa, pause for a moments rest at the base of a Japanese war memorial. They are (on steps) Pfc F. O. Snowden; Navy Pharmacist's Mate, 2d class R. Martin; (on monument, left to right) Pvt J. T. Walton, Pvt R. T. Ellenberg, Pfc Clyde Brown, Pvt Robb Brawner. Photo was taken during the battle for Okinawa." April 12, 1945. 127-N-117624
Photo by Cpl Art Sarno, courtesy of The National Archives
"Peleliu Island...Marines move through the trenches on the beach during the battle." September 15, 1944. Fitzgerald.
127-N-9527.
Photo courtesy of The National Archives
"Iwo Jima...Negro Marines on the beach at Iwo Jima are, from left to right, Pfc Willie J. Kanody, Pfc Elif Hill, and Pfc John Alexander." March 1945.
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Photo by C. Jones, courtesy of The National Archives
"Negro Marines, attached to the Third Ammunition Company, take time out from supplying ammunition to the front line on Saipan. Riding captured...bicycle is Pfc Horace Boykin; and left to right, Cpl Willis T. Anthony, Pfc Emmitt Shackelford, and Pfc Eugene Purdy." June 1944.
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Photo courtesy of The National Archives
"Aboard a Coast Guard-manned transport..., a Negro Marine, Robert Stockman, goes over his carbine with Coast Guardsmen." February 1944.
26-G-321.
Photo courtesy of The National Archives
"Aboard a Coast Guard-manned transport somewhere in the Pacific, these Negro Marines prepare to face the fire of Jap[anese] gunners." February 1944.
26-G-321.
Photo courtesy of The National Archives
"Two Negro Marine movie operators." January 1945. 127-N-109561.
Photo courtesy of The National Archives
"Two Negro duck [DUKW] drivers turn riflemen after their vehicle is destroyed." February 19, 1945. Christian. 127-N-111123.
Photo courtesy of The National Archives
"Marine Sgt F. Smit...and Cpl S. Brown...open a coconut to get a cool drink on Saipan." June 1944. 127-GW-1359-85636.
Photo courtesy of The National Archives
"Carrying a Jap[anese] prisoner from stockade to be evacuated and treated for malnutrition. Iwo Jima." February 23, 1945. Don Fox. 127-N-110622.
Photo courtesy of The National Archives
"Negro assault troops await orders D-day to attack enemy shortly after they had come ashore at Saipan in the Marianas." June 1944 127-N-83928.
Photo by T/Sgt William Fitch, U.S. Coast Guard, courtesy of The National Archives
MARINE CORPS BASE CAMP LEJEUNE, N.C. - Paul Haygan, member of the Montfort Point Marine Association, salutes while the national anthem is played here June 23, 2000, during the 64th Camp Johnson Rededication Wreath Laying ceremony. The associations gather every year in June to honor the 2,000 African American Marines who overcame adversity and fought to have the right to fight for their country. The idea of the wreath ceremony was to bring all the Montfort Point Marines back together to where they came from and also to honor the Marines that gave the ultimate sacrifice in battle and others who have passed away since
Photo by LCpl Brandon R. Holgersen
With the beginning of World War II African Americans would get their chance to be in “the toughest outfit going,” the previously all-white Marine Corps. The first recruits reported to Montford Point, a small section of land on Camp Lejeune, North Carolina on August 26, 1942. By October only 600 recruits had begun training although the call was for 1,000 for combat in the 51st and 52nd Composite Defense Battalions. Read the full story.
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Today in USMC History
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1902 - Marines from the USS Ranger landed in Panama City to protect Americans.
Related Article: Marines Fight in Panama By Ross W. Simpson Leatherneck Magazine (Mar 1990)
Historic Leatherneck Magazine Covers
Leatherneck Staff Artist, Technical Sergeant Robert Fleischauer, felt that our July cover should be commemorative of the Fourth of July. Since the members of the missile units are probably the Corps' best rocketeers, he picked them to perform a standard Fourth of July action. Whether or not the "Honest Johnny" is useful as a combat piece is a matter for debate, but you can't beat it for morale." [July 1957.]
“The Join Up on the Nick” by Major Alex Durr, USMCR, a member of the History Division, Marine Corps University, Quantico, Va.
Hospitalman Daniel T. Bobic, assigned to Headquarters and Service Company, 3d Battalion, Second Marine Regiment, rappelled at the Jungle Warfare Training Center in Okinawa, Japan, in late April, 2002.
The oldest post of the Marine Corps, Washington, DC, is celebrating 200 years of excellence. Posed near the Barracks main gate were members of the official Color Guard of the United States Marine Corps (left to right): LCpl Joseph N. Keough, rifleman; Sgt Blake L. Richardson, Color Sergeant of the Marine Corps; Cpl Gerardo A. Guajardo, organizational color bearer; and LCpl Gregory A. Serwo, rifleman.
GySgt Verlando Frazier, East Coast Food Service Management Team, looked ready to dig into some of the new items included in MREs.
This photo by Sgt Earnie Grafton of Marines from Fox Co., 2/4 shows varied emotions as they greeted the coalition forces outside Kuwait city.
A fleet of trucks was needed to transport Dr. Felix de Weldon’s original model of the Iwo Jima flag-raising statue from the sculptor’s home in Newport, R.I., to the grounds of the Marine Military Academy at Harlingen, Texas. After the statue’s arrival, a nearly around-the-clock effort by skilled workmen was required in order to have the memorial reassembled and ready for dedication ceremonies on April 16, 1982.
In April this year (1981), two squadrons of AV-8A “Harriers” sailed for the Mediterranean aboard the amphibious assault ship USS Nassau. Purpose of the cruise was to demonstrate the Navy/Marine Corps team’s capability to augment naval forces in any area of the World on short notice and to provide at-sea training for Marine Harrier pilots.
The cover of Leatherneck’s Bicentennial issue is an oil painting by the late Colonel Donald L. Dickson, USMCR. The painting depicts General George Washington’s Colonial troops at Gadsby’s Tavern in Alexandria, Va., during the French and Indian War.
Sightseeing tours for the men of the Marine Barracks, San Juan, Puerto Rico, include a trip to the El Morro Fortress. San Juan is now retired as a Post of the Corps.
The Marines in Vietnam have found that the programs which work best are those which operate close to the people. Our July cover is a mixed media (acrylic and charcoal) by Art Editor James L. Hopewell. It catches the spirit of Marines who enjoy their relationship with the Vietnamese around them.
In Naples, Italy, Marines are responsible for the internal security of the Headquarters of NATO’s Southern European Command, while the elite Carabinieri Corpa provides external security. PFC Robert M. Mallard’s NATO shield was admired by a Carabiniere as the two men prepared to take up their side-by-side posts at the entrance of the imposing NATO Headquarters, which appears in the background of this cover.
"We've Fought In Every Clime And Place": Stamping out the Caco Insurrection in the Republic d' Haiti.
Marine patrol fired on while fording the Coco River.
FROM OUR ARCHIVES: U.S. Marines And Miskito Indians: The Rio Coco Patrol Of 1928, published in the Marine Corps Gazette, November 1996.
Marine patrol fired on while fording the Coco River.
FROM OUR ARCHIVES: U.S. Marines And Miskito Indians: The Rio Coco Patrol Of 1928, published in the Marine Corps Gazette, November 1996.
January 2002: The Marines engraved another mark in the rich history of the Corps when they came from more than 400 miles offshore to establish a forward operating base south of Kandahar in the war on terrorism. The Marine CH-46 helicopter on the cover, photographed by PH1(AW/SW) Greg Messier, USN, fought in the desert sand to land and resupply Marines such as the ones (inset) photographed by Sgt Joseph R. Chenelly.
January 2001: This firefight during the Frozen Chosin Reservoir Campaign of 1950 was painted by “Chosin Few” veteran Jack Cannon, who served with Company B, 1st Battalion, Seventh Marine Regiment and resides in the warmer climes of New Mexico. The cover was part of Leatherneck’s 50th anniversary salute to the Korean War veterans.
January 1992: This cover photograph of runners during Marine Corps Marathon XVI in Washington, D.C., was photographed by Sgt Deirdre Hallett.
January 1991: This month’s cover by Ross Simpson captures the Marines’ waiting-but-ready posture in the Middle East.
January 1982: Participants in the Sixth Annual Marine Corps Marathon presented a colorful spectacle as they began the 26-mile, 385-yard run in Washington, D.C., November 1, 1981. The cover photo, by Tom Bartlett, was taken from a bridge overlooking Highway 50 about a half-mile from the starting line.
January 1981: Nearly 7,800 runners participated in the Fifth Annual Marine Corps Marathon held in northern Virginia and Washington, D.C. The oldest finisher was 78; the youngest was 10. Leatherneck staffer Ron Lunn pre-positioned himself near the Nation’s Capitol to photograph runners during their 14th mile of the 26-mile, 385-yard course.
January 1972: This month’s cover, by Marine Combat Artist Peter Gish, shows members of the New Corps sightseeing in the Old World. While on liberty in Athens, Greece, the 3d Bn, Eighth Marines, were able to tour the Erektheon Porch and Cariatides. The water color is from the U.S. Marine Corps Combat Art collection.
Originally Published December 1983 -- Something tells us that we could date the cover without knowing when it was published.
Originally Published December 1972 -- We're not sure what's more interesting, Santa or the old style gas pump.
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This November 1992 article in the Marine Corps Gazette looked at the uniform regulations of 1859 and the attempt to standardize uniforms within the Corps. Read the story and see more pics.
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Comments
RIP Mr Hagan
I will miss your stories and our conversations about the Lord. May you rest in God's peace and glory. Thankyou for your contributions and paving the path for other African Americans -Hall
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